New Years Greetings in German, Region by Region

When you want to say Happy New Year to someone in German, you will most often use the phrase  Frohes neues Jahr.  Yet, when youre in different regions of Germany or other German-speaking countries, you may hear different ways to wish someone well in the new year.   Augsburg University in Bavaria conducted a study to find out which New Years greetings dominated certain regions in Germany. The results are quite interesting, with some areas of Germany sticking with tradition, while others offer variations of the greeting. "Frohes Neues Jahr" The German expression,  Frohes neues Jahr  literally translates to Happy New Year. It is widely used in German-speaking countries, particularly in the northern and western states of Germany. This phrase is most common in northern Hesse (the home of Frankfurt), Lower Saxony (including the cities of Hanover and Bremen),  Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (the coastal state along the Baltic Sea), and  Schleswig-Holstein (the state that borders Denmark). As often happens, some Germans prefer a shorter version and will simply use  Frohes neues. This is especially true in many areas of Hesse and in the wine country of Mittelrhein. "Prosit Neujahr" It is becoming increasingly more common for many German speakers to use  Prosit Neujahr  instead of the traditional Happy New Year. In German,  prosit  means cheers and  neujahr  is a compound word for new year. This phrase is scattered regionally and is often used in the area around the northern city of Hamburg and northwestern Lower Saxony. You will also likely hear it in many parts of western Germany, particularly around the city of Mannheim. There is also a smattering of its usage in the southeastern region of Germany in the state of Bayern. This may be due, in part, to an influence from eastern Austria and Vienna, where  Prosit Neujahr  is also a popular greeting. "Gesundes Neues Jahr" The German phrase  Gesundes  neues  Jahr  translates to Healthy New Year. You will hear this greeting most often when traveling through eastern regions of Germany, including the cities of Dresden and Nuremberg as well as the Franconia region in the south-central part of Germany. It may also be shortened to  Gesundes neues. "Gutes Neues Jahr" Meaning Good New Year, the German phrase  Gutes neues Jahr  is also popular. This version is most often used in the country of Austria. In Switzerland and the German state of  Baden-Wà ¼rttemberg in the southwest corner of the country, you may hear this phrase shortened to Gutes neues. Its also possible that youll hear this saying in the state of Bavaria, which includes Munich and Nuremberg. Yet, its most often concentrated to the south, closer to the Austrian border. Standard New Year's Greeting If you are unsure of which greeting to use or find yourself in an area of Germany not described previously, you can use a few standard New Years greetings that are widely accepted. They are: Alles Gute  zum  neuen  Jahr! Best wishes for the new year!Einen  guten  Rutsch ins  neue  Jahr! A good start in the new year!Ein glà ¼ckliches  neues  Jahr! Happy New Year!Glà ¼ck und Erfolg  im  neuen  Jahr! Good fortune and success in the new year!Zum neuen Jahr Gesundheit, Glà ¼ck und viel Erfolg! Health, happiness, and much success in the new year! Use one of these phrases, and you cant go wrong, regardless of where you find yourself throughout Germany or German-speaking counties.

Hbr When Your Core Business Is Dying - 74686 Words

TOP-TEAM POLITICS†¦page 90 WHEN YOUR CORE BUSINESS IS DYING†¦page 66 Y GE SE PA IN DS CK R M WA A 53 www.hbr.org April 2007 58 What Your Leader Expects of You Larry Bossidy 66 Finding Your Next Core Business Chris Zook 78 Promise-Based Management: The Essence of Execution Donald N. Sull and Charles Spinosa 90 The Leadership Team: Complementary Strengths or Conï ¬â€šicting Agendas? Stephen A. Miles and Michael D. Watkins 100 Avoiding Integrity Land Mines Ben W. Heineman, Jr. 20 33 FORETHOUGHT HBR CASE STUDY Why Didn t We Know? Ralph Hasson 45 FIRST PERSON Preparing for the Perfect Product Launch THOU SHALT †¦page 58 James P. Hackett 111 TOOL KIT The Process Audit†¦show more content†¦100 100 Avoiding Integrity Land Mines Ben W. Heineman, Jr. How do you keep thousands of employees, operating in hundreds of countries, as honest as they are competitive? General Electric’s longtime general counsel describes the systems the company has put in place to do just that. 78 90 4 Harvard Business Review | April 2007 | hbr.org Cover Art: Joshua Gorchov continued on page 8 APRIL 2007 14 Departments 12 COMPANY INDEX 14 FROM THE EDITOR 53 2006 MCKINSEY AWARDS AND 2007 MCKINSEY JUDGES 20 What the Boss Wants from You What should CEOs and their direct reports expect from each other? When Larry Bossidy laid out his views to a group of young executives, they couldn’t take notes fast enough. You don’t have to write down what he said, though, because Larry has done it for you here. And it will be on the exam. 88 STRATEGIC HUMOR 111 TOOL KIT The Process Audit Michael Hammer Redesigning business processes can generate dramatic improvements in performance, but the effort is notoriously difï ¬ cult. Many executives have ï ¬â€šoundered, uncertain about what exactly needs to be changed, by how much, and when. A new framework can take the mystery out of reengineering business processes and help you comprehend, plan, and assess your company’s process-based transformations. 20 FORETHOUGHT Firms from developing countries are making a global mark†¦McDonald’s isn’t afraid to bite off more than it can chew†¦Women at FortuneShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesIndicator 52 Locus of Control Scale 52 Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale 54 Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) 56 SKILL LEARNING 57 Key Dimensions of Self-Awareness 57 The Enigma of Self-Awareness 58 The Sensitive Line 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManagement Course: MBA−10 General Management California College for Health Sciences MBA Program McGraw-Hill/Irwin abc McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Text: Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition Cohen Harvard Business Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell LeadershipRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesTechnology Platform CASE STUDY I-7 Midsouth Chamber of Commerce (B): Cleaning Up an Information Systems Debacle CASE STUDY II-1 Vendor-Managed Inventory at NIBCO CASE STUDY II-2 Real-Time Business Intelligence at Continental Airlines CASE STUDY II-3 Norfolk Southern Railway: The Business Intelligence Journey CASE STUDY II-4 Mining Data to Increase State Tax Revenues in California CASE STUDY II-5 The Cliptomaniaâ„ ¢ Web Store: An E-Tailing Start-up Survival Story CASE STUDY

Psychological Effect of Broken Family to the Behavior free essay sample

The course will introduce the students to the five divisions of Biopsychology, namely: Physiological Psychology, Psychophysiology, Neuropsychology, Comparative Psychology, and Psychopharmacology; and the different research methodologies used in each field of study. Biological Psychology-laboratory (LBYPSYB) 2 units Prerequisite : Zoology 1-lecture, Zoology 1-laboratory Prerequisite to : Sensation and Perception A combination of lectures, film-showing, group-discussions and laboratory exercises will be used as teaching methods: Six hours per week of laboratory work will be conducted in the Psychology Laboratory where students will perform human brain dissection and animal and human experiments that illustrate the basic principles of Biopsychology. Developmental Psychology (DEVPSYC) 3 units Prerequisite : Introduction to Psychology The course involves a critical study of the concepts and theories of development; and the analysis of emotional, mental, physical and social development from birth to old age. The course will utilize the lifespan approach giving equal emphasis to early and adolescent development, and adult and aging development. Lectures and exercises will provide foundations for a better understanding of developmental needs and tasks at each stage in life, the differential effects of psychological and environmental factors in development, and psychological needs in coping with life transitions. Experimental Psychology- lecture (EXPSYCH) 3 units Prerequisite : Psychological Statistics 2 Prerequisite to : Sensation and Perception, Psychological Measurement 2 This lecture course designed to introduce the students to the experimental approach to research in psychology. Lectures and discussions on the principles, concepts, and procedures used in experimentation in psychology will be conducted. Both the historical development of the experimental tradition and the current experimental methodology practices will be examined. Because experimentation has been extensively utilized in cognitive and social psychology, emphases will be placed on classical and recent experiments in these fields. The contribution of these experiments to the development of cognitive and social theories will be discussed. Experimental Psychology- laboratory (LBYPSMX) 2 units Prerequisite : Psychological Statistics 2 Prerequisite to : Sensation and Perception, Psychological Measurement 2 This laboratory course is designed to supplement learning in the lecture. It allows the students to apply the principles, concepts, and procedures of experimentation in a series of hands-on exercises corresponding to the various stages of experimentation. The student will be guided in the design, implementation, analysis and write up of experiments in cognitive and social psychology. Psychology of Sensation and Perception (SENSPER) units Prerequisite : Experimental Psychology, Biological Psychology This course will familiarize the students with the psychological principles and processes involved in human sensation and perception, and a basic understanding of the mechanisms that make these possible. Lectures and exercises will include the anatomy and physiology of the different mechanisms of human sensation, the princip les and processes involved in human perception such as integrating and recognizing complex patterns of sensations, and the behavioral manifestations of disturbances in these mechanisms and processes. The course will include hands-on computer-simulated and laboratory exercises that illustrate the principles of human sensation and perception that will be conducted in Psychology Laboratory. Psychology of Language and Learning (LEARPSY) 3 units Prerequisite : Introduction to Psychology This course aims to provide the student with a basic understanding of theories and principles in language, learning and memory, and the mechanisms that make these possible. The students will be exposed to classical animal and human studies and the different research methodologies utilized to formulate and validate concepts and theories in language, learning and memory. Discussions include the nature, causes, behavioral manifestations and possible interventions in language, learning and memory disorders. Hands-on and computer-simulated exercises that illustrate the basic principles will be conducted in Psychology Laboratory. Psychological Measurement 1 (PSYCME1/LBYPSY1) 3 units Prerequisite : Theories of Personality Prerequisite to : Psychological Measurement 2 This course includes 2 units of lecture and 1 unit of laboratory work. This course aims to introduce the students on the history of psychological measurement; psychophysical and scaling methods; basic concepts and principles in testing such as reliability, validity and norming; selection, administration, scoring and interpretation of selected psychological test; as well as issues and ethical considerations in psychological testing in the Philippine context and applied in the clinical setting. The students will be trained on writing up of profile reports based on psychological test battery results. Psychological Measurement 2 (PSYCME2/LBYPSY2) 3 units Prerequisite : Psychological Measurement 1, Experimental Psychology This course will introduce the students to the procedures and instruments used in clinical assessment. The students will be introduced to the peculiarities of the assessment process in special population as preschool children, brain-damaged populations, psychotic patients, mentally and/or physically disabled cases, violent and/or emotionally disturbed cases, and the mentally retarded. Students will be familiarized with different strategies in clinical assessment, namely: assessment interview; cognitive assessment; personality assessment; perceptual, sensory, and sensorimotor assessment; behavioral assessment which includes naturalistic observation, self-monitoring and controlled/systematic observation; and clinical judgment which includes quantitative and subjective approaches. Opportunities for supervised administration and interpretation procedures and tests to actual cases will be provided and will be conducted in Psychology Laboratory. At the end of the course, the student is expected to have acquired the skill of establishing report with a client and preparing a case report. Theories of Personality (THEOPER) 3 units Prerequisite : Introduction to Psychology This course aims to provide the students with a basic understanding of man’s behavior through a detailed overview of personality theories. The course will include a critical examination of issues and assumptions of personality studies. Through this course, the students will be exposed to different research methodologies employed by different psychologists in formulating or validating personality theories. The course will consider the nature and dynamics of the Filipino personality. Abnormal Psychology (ABPSYCH) 3 units Prerequisite : Theories of Personality Prerequisite to : Clinical Psychology The course aims to provide the students with basic understanding on the nature, cause and possible interventions of psychological disorders such as neuroses, psychoses, personality disorders, childhood disorders, mental retardation and neurocognitive impairments. At the end of the course the student is expected to be familiar with the nomenclature and classifications of mental disorders. The students will be introduced to indigenous concepts of abnormality and abnormal behavior. Opportunities for exposure to actual cases will be provided through field trips and visitations of selected government and private mental health institutions. Clinical Psychology (PSYCLIN) 3 units Prerequisite : Abnormal Psychology The course aims to familiarize the students with concepts, theories and research findings and methodologies that form the basis for clinical assessment and intervention in Clinical Psychology. The students will be introduced to clinical process and practice and to the various emerging subspecialties in Clinical Psychology, namely: Community Psychology, Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Neuropsychology, Forensic Psychology, Pediatric and Clinical Child Psychology, and Geriatric and Clinical Adult and Aging Psychology. Students will be trained on the basic principles and skills in clinical case interview and are expected to be able to write a clinical case history. Opportunities for supervised clinical assessment and intervention of actual common cases will be provided as part of the course. Social Psychology (SOCIPSY) 3 units Prerequisite : Introduction to Psychology This course provides the students with an understanding of their social behavior to enable them to enrich their relationship with other people and to contribute to the development of groups and society. An overview of the theories and concepts on how people think about, influence, and relate to each other is presented. Sikolohiyang Pilipino (FILIPSY) 3 units Prerequisite : Social Psychology This course will be conducted in Filipino and will include the study of concepts and methods in the field of culture and psychology that will give meaning to the psychological reality based on the language and world view of the Filipino. The students will be introduced to issues in Sikolohiyang Pilipino as a discipline and as a movement, to indigenous concepts in Sikolohiyang Pilipino, and will be trained on the conduct of indigenous research methods. Part of the coursework will be done on the field where the students will be immersed in a typical Filipino community and utilize indigenous research methods in the investigation of psychological realities related to traditional medicine, clinical ethnopsychology and indigenous methods and concepts of health and illness. Hence, the course would be offered only during the summer session. Directed Readings and Research in Psychology (DIRPSY1/ DIRPSY2) 2 units per term for a total of 4 units Prerequisite : All major courses The course will involve reading of classical, original and important works in selected areas in psychology and/or actual participation in research supervised by a faculty member or a team of faculty members. At the start of each trimester, a list of faculty members with corresponding research areas and/or topics of interest will be posted. Instruction is individualized and completion will be based on the students’ pace. The student will be allowed to enroll as early as his/her fourth term of majoring and as many times as he/she needs with a minimum of 4. 0 total units. Satisfactory completion of the course will be assessed by either a revalida and annotated review of literature (for readings) or oral defense and research output (for research). Electives for BS Psychology (PSYELEC) 3 units Prerequisite : All major courses The BS Psychology major of at least a senior standing or in the summer session prior to the last year of majoring should take at least one of the following Psychology Elective courses: Community Mental Health (COMHEAL) 3 units Prerequisite : Sikolohiyang Filipino, Clinical Psychology Community psychology is an approach to mental health that emphasizes the role of environmental forces in creating and alleviating problems. This course aims to introduce the students to the community mental health perspectives, which are cultural relativity, diversity and ecology. The students will be trained experientially to pay attention to the fit between environments and persons which may or may not be good, to focus on action directed toward the competencies of persons and environments rather than their deficits, and to veer away from single social norms or values but instead look at the promotion of diversity. The students will exposed to community diagnosis and treatment models rather than individual illness and treatment models. In terms of mental health, approach is on principles of prevention rather than curative. Part of the coursework will be conducted in a community for experiential learning. Hence, the course will only be offered during the summer term. Health Psychology (HEALPSY) 3 units Prerequisite : Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology The course will familiarize students to the various contributions of the field of Psychology to the enhancement of health, the prevention and treatment of illness, the identification of health risk factors, the improvement of the health care system, and the shaping of public opinion with regard to health. Class discussion and student activities will focus on the application of psychological principles to such physical health areas as lowering hypertension, controlling serum cholesterol levels, managing stress, alleviating pain, stopping smoking, moderating other appetitive behaviors, and encouraging regular exercise; identifying the psychological correlates of health, diagnosing and treating certain chronic diseases; and modifying the behavioral factors involved in physical and psychological rehabilitation. Students will be introduced to research methods used in Health Psychology such as Epidemiology. Discussions will be focus on the psychological factors of health problems in the Philippines such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, HIV/AIDS, aging, substance abuse, and patient adherence to medical advice. A close look on indigenous health concepts, beliefs and practices will likewise be included. Environmental Psychology (ENVIPSY) 3 units Prerequisite : Theories of Personality, Sensation and Perception Environmental Psychology deals with the study psychological aspects of the relationship of man and his environment. The course will familiarize the students with the historical roots, important theories and concepts, and research methodologies in Environmental Psychology. Discussions will include the Filipino concept of environment such as perception of space, privacy and crowding, and health and stress-inducing milieus. Application of psychological principles in the study and development of different environment sectors in the Philippines such as the house, leisure/relaxation pots, learning environment, work environment, mental health settings and the squatters area will be discussed. The course will likewise introduce the students to the different environmental issues facing the country such as air and noise pollution, conservation of nature, effects of modernization such as zoning and greening, and tourism interventions that are income generating but could cause destruction of the traditional ways of life. Practicum in Psychology (PRCPSY1) 3 units Prerequisite : All major courses This course allows students who are about to graduate from the BS Psychology program an opportunity to become part of an environment/ situation/ team where the psychological principles are at work and the knowledge and skills learned through the program could be utilized, refined and maybe further enhanced. Fulfillment of the course requires a minimum of 150 hours of satisfactory work in any one or a combination of the following areas: Multi-disciplinary Health Team Clinical Psychology Practice Action Projects Related to Psychology Human Resource Development Groups Rehabilitation Center

Jane Eyre Chapter 26 Essay Essay Example

Jane Eyre: Chapter 26 Essay Paper In this essay, I will be focusing on Chapter 26 to discuss the elements Bronte uses such as building up tension throughout the wedding until the discovery of Bertha. Secondly, I will be analysing the context of the novel, discussing the writing techniques Bronte uses to create an appealing novel for a 19th century audience. From the beginning of the novel, we are invited to share Janes thoughts and feeling through the use of 1st person narrative. This allows us to share her fears and excitement. The gothic elements in the novel such as the demonic laugh create a sense of dread. This is heightened by the pathetic fallacy of the great horse-chestnut at the bottom of the orchard had been struck by lightning in the night, and half of it split away that symbolizes the happy union of Jane and Rochester and that is split in two. Therefore at the beginning of chapter 26 we are already afraid that something is going to ruin the marriage. At the start of chapter 26, Bronte presents Janes and Mr. Rochesters wedding as unconventional. She does this initially by creating the sense of speed that Rochester imposes on Jane. The writer uses words such as hurried tarry and hastened which creates suspicion as to the cause. We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: Chapter 26 Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: Chapter 26 Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: Chapter 26 Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is in contrast to the expectations of a conventional wedding where the couples take time planning their big day. Then, Bronte continues to develop that apprehension by describing Jane, the heroine and narrator of the novel. She describes Janes reflection while wearing her wedding dress as the image of a stranger allowing Bronte to indicate that the marriage and her role in it are somehow unnatural and wrong. This is emphasised also by the repetition that invites contrast with a normal wedding there were no groomsmen, bridesmaids, no relatives to wait for or marshal: none but Mr. Rochester and I Bronte continues to challenge the stereotype of a conventional wedding by describing the setting outside the church. In the quote a ruddy morning sky she uses Pathetic Fallacy to describe Janes deep emotional and spiritual connotations of the colour red creates not only a scene of a beautiful sunrise but also of passion and danger. Also, Bronte adds a rook wheeling around the steeple to emphasise that the wedding wont go as planned because rooks are considered as bad omens. As readers, we notice Brontes frequent use of bad omens to give the impression of terrible events that will happen as the novel progresses and these all add to the gothic feel of the novel. As the ceremony begins Bronte has deliberately not given the rest of the vows and allows the clergyman to take a step further forward before he went on, which indicates the importance of the next event. He continues to say that if either of you know any impediment Given the haste and unnatural quality of the events the reader is already tense when a distinct and voice said- I declare the existence of an impediment provides the clear answer to the readers speculations making this a successful climax to the tension built during the long pause where after that sentence it was never broken by a reply; not, even in a hundred years. Subsequently, Rochester is presented as weak against Gods law. In the quote, Mr. Rochester moved slightly as if an earthquake had rolled under his feet the use of metaphor to express Rochester reaction to the earthquake as he moved slightly shows Rochesters attempt at control. However, his hopes and plans have been destroyed by those few words symbolized in the presence of an earthquake. To call attention to his power, Rochester uses the imperative Proceed to continue the failed wedding hoping the clergyman would follow his order. After the ceremony is suspended, Bronte turns Rochester from a bridegroom into a colourless rock. She describes his eye using imagery of fire as both spark and flint to illustrate Rochesters emotions. In contrast to Rochesters inner emotions, Bronte uses a simile to compare Rochester externally as a quarried marble. He is emotionless, strong and cold from the outside, but inside his world is of fire which symbolizes his passion and rage as a threat. This is further emphasized as Bronte uses the repetition of the word without and the alliterative in the quote without speaking, without smiling, without seeming heightens Rochesters lack of any signs of warmth towards Jane at a time when she needs comforting making this line effective. However, Rochesters body language contrasts with his emotions indicated by his hot and strong grasp. This suggests the heat of the fire has penetrated through the deep icy walls of his rock-like body and further suggests his difficulty in keeping in control. But, the verb riveted stresses his determination to keep his possession of Jane when he is likely to lose her. But, he also denies almost her rights as an individual treating her as an object. Jane does not utter a word throughout the short ceremony as she is calm and collected and in no danger of swooning. which further emphasise Janes courage in adversity contrasting with the stereotypes of the fragile Victorian Lady. Bronte emphasises Janes strength again when the wedding party moves to the attic where we meet Bertha, the first Mrs Rochester or the madwoman in the attic is an intriguing subject. She is an elusive figure who never speaks and is only seen twice throughout the novel; yet she dominates it. Her presence is felt effectively from the moment Jane enters Thornfield: It was a curious laugh; distinct, formal, mirthless. Her actions convey her violent behaviour such as attacking Rochester twice and her brother. She also tears Janes wedding veil the night and her final act is burning down Thornfield Hall. Berthas actions do seem to convey that she is aware of what is going on at Thornfield, which makes us wonder what kind of insanity she is suffering from. There is an implicit jealousy of Jane in her actions, or at least her position as a recipient of Rochesters love. She manifests great anger towards her husband because he has kept her shut away for so long. The description of Bertha where we witness her for the first time is from Janes point of view and seen terrified of her describing her as a strange wild animal with grizzled hair, wild as mane and she stands on all fours suggesting animal-like behaviour that provokes to the reader to see Bertha as a threat and an obstacle to Janes and Rochesters happiness rather than a real woman. While we may feel some pity for Bertha, the reader feels horror that Rochester is not allowed to find any happiness with a loving woman. Bronte uses images of madness to describe Bertha, such as a figure ran backwards and forwards to give the audience the impression of Rochesters bitterness and resentment of Bertha. Bertha Mason is on first impression opposite of both Jane and the stereotypes of a Victorian woman. Although there are differences, when looking deeper Jane has some similarities with Bertha concerning both their past. Both were locked up previously for being awkward or insane and both were treated as outcasts by society for not conforming. However, there are some aspects of racial prejudice towards Bertha even when Rochester talks of how beautiful she was a young girl. Since she is from the West Indies which was once a British colony could imply that Britain feared and psychologically locked away the other cultures it encountered. Others could argue that Bertha symbolizes the trapped Victorian wife, who is expected never to work outside the house as women had inferior status to men. Furthermore, Berthas insanity could serve as warning for Janes future if she was to marry Rochester. At the end of Chapter 26, the reader sympathizes more intensely for Jane. She is saddened and confused about what actions should she take or angry for being rushed and dragged into a wedding where if she had taken time and thought it would have resulted in a happy ending. Bronte once more uses Pathetic Fallacy to show Janes cold and disheartened mood in the quotes, hayfield and cornfield lay a frozen shroud although its June. Here Bronte uses icy imagery which is in contrast to the fire imagery used to describe Rochesters emotions. The world around her has symbolically become icy, frozen and cold to sympathize with Janes dead hopes and therefore she returns to God for comfort. This makes the next part of the novel inevitable, and also explains the moral purposes of Bronte, and the need for Rochester to suffer. This novel is often interpreted as a political book because it explores the idea of woman [Jane] alone, in charge of her own life and decisions. Jane could easily be described as a feminist. She rejects the man she loves until such time as she can be his equal. She would rather be alone and independent than with Rochester on his terms. To conclude, I think that Jane Eyre is an interesting book that will appeal to readers both now and in the 19th century as some of the injustices are still occurring today. Bronte used many techniques in this book to build up tension throughout the ceremony. For example, she uses the method of Pathetic Fallacy as well as many symbols of bad omens to create suspense. She also uses aspects from the history of her time like class boundaries, equality very effectively to make the reader aware of the hardships of being a woman in a patriarchal society. Another way in which Bronte creates tension is by using the shifts in power between Jane and Rochester making this chapter an effective climax to the novel.

How to Get Started With Content Curation for Your Blog

When it comes to running a blog, one of the biggest challenges is creating a large volume of content thats also high quality. Often, it seems you can either have many posts written quickly and poorly, or well-crafted posts that take days or weeks to write. However, content curation provides an alternative.Choosing to curate some or all of your blogs content can result in a large number of excellent posts very quickly. By focusing on high-quality sources and drawing material from existing articles, you can fill your blog while still producing work you can be proud to share on your site.In this post, well dive into what content curation is and how it can benefit your blog. Then well share a step-by-step guide on how to curate content for your own blog. Lets get started! not taking content from another blog and publishing it on your own – thats just plagiarism. Instead, curation is a process of collecting, organizing, and providing fresh insight into existing articles.Content cur ations most immediate benefit is its typically much faster than producing traditional blog posts, without sacrificing quality. However, by helping you tap into a backlink network, it can also help improve your blogs Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and visibility, increasing your traffic and possibly your revenue.How to curate content for your blog (in 5 steps)Though usually a fairly streamlined process, content curation still takes some careful planning if you want to do it right. Trying to cut corners could result in copyright disputes and a negative impact on your blogs SEO, so make sure all your bases are covered by sticking to the steps below.1. Select your sourcesA strong source for curated content needs to be reliable, recognizable, and relevant to your target audience. Choosing reliable sources influences your own credibility and your blogs quality. When considering a source, make sure their claims are factual and based on research.Youll also want your sources to produce qua lity content consistently. Avoid sources with lots of grammar or spelling mistakes, as well as those with poor web design. Sources posting new material on a regular basis are preferable since youll be able to count on them to deliver content.A source thats recognizable to your target audience is always useful too. Sourcing content from other blogs with small followings is unlikely to help you boost your traffic, unless youre both fortunate enough that a post goes viral. Name recognition goes a long way to establish credibility as well.Relevancy is needed for the success of just about any website, including your blog. If you pull articles about subjects your target readers arent interested in, youll have a hard time reeling them in and getting them to become loyal followers.One of the best ways to hit all three of these points is to source content from the top blogs, websites, and other publications in your niche. A quick Google search will likely point you in the right direction, bu t if youre already tapped into your niches online community, consider asking for recommendations or using sites you already follow.2. Excerpt and annotate your contentAs we mentioned earlier in this post, content curation is  not  taking content off one website and putting it on your own. Its crucial to add some of your own thoughts and comments to each curated post. This step is vital for a couple of reasons.For starters, copying others content and passing it off as your own is copyright infringement and illegal. Plus, plagiarism probably wont earn you any respect in the blogging community. It will almost definitely hurt your reputation, greatly decreasing the chances that youll be able to build a solid following.Youll also want to annotate your curated content for SEO purposes. Duplicate content will have a difficult time ranking on Search Engine Results Pages (SERPs) because it will have to compete with its copy. Differentiating your post gives it a better chance to rank high er.A common and successful strategy for dealing with this is to excerpt from and annotate your sources. This involves pulling the most important information from an article in the form of block quotes, and then providing your own thoughts, ideas, explanations, or reactions to them.The popular site Brain Pickings is a prime example of this method. Writer Maria Popova covers topics related to literature, art, philosophy, and science, often sharing long quotes from other articles or books and expounding upon them:Your posts dont necessarily have to be as in-depth and intellectual as Popovas. However, her site provides some good insight into curation best practices and how to structure your excerpts and annotations.3. Aggregate additional contentAnother technique for responsibly curating content is known as aggregation. This consists of compiling a list of articles or other resources you think your readers will be interested in and sharing it with them. Its a popular strategy among news aggregator sites such as theSkimm.Aggregated content can make up the majority of your blog posts if you want it to. However, its smart practice to write a summary for your own site highlighting key points then linking to the original article, for the same reasons mentioned in previous steps.Even so, aggregated articles can also make for a nice supplement to your main posts. You can provide your readers with a list of latest niche community news, popular resources for further research, or some of your own favorite reads.Regardless of which method you prefer, aggregation is an extremely easy way to generate content because you can automate it. Plugins such as our  Feedzy RSS Feeds can create lists of aggregated content and automatically add them to a post, page, or sidebar on your site: RSS Aggregator by Feedzy Powerful WP Autoblogging and News Aggregator Author(s): ThemeisleCurrent Version: 3.3.11Last Updated: October 10, 2019feedzy-rss-feeds.zip 94%Ratings 581,789Downloads WP 3.7+Requires Your feeds will update automatically, so they require minimal maintenance. Feedzy even uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to rephrase and refresh aggregated posts to avoid duplicate content concerns.4. Cite your sourcesEven though you will have either excerpted and annotated, provided an original summary, or used AI to rephrase your curated content, its still necessary to cite your sources. In some way or form, youll need to acknowledge your posts original creators.For one, this practice is polite. Its always best to give credit where its due – after all, someone else worked hard to create the material that will now provide your blog with an ample volume of high-quality content. Readers and other bloggers will usually respect you more if you cite your sources.Additionally, citing sources can be useful for your blogs SEO. Some online writers will appreciate you giving their site backlinks and return the favor. Others may become readers and recommend your blog to their own following.These days, linking to the original source is the standard way to give credit to another content creator. However, theres nothing wrong with using good old-fashioned parenthetical citations or footnotes as well.5. Use content curation SEO best practicesSome of the previous steps have already covered important considerations for SEO when curating content. Specifically, weve mentioned the potential negative effects of using duplicate content on your site, and how to avoid doing so.However, there are also opportunities to improve your SEO using content curation. Specifically, theres a chance to build a well-rounded backlink profile that can bring in traffic from other sites as well as improving your organic search rankings.By citing your sources, you should start to build a network between your blog and other sites. Hopefully, theyll start linking back to you as well. Plus, because your site includes informative content on relevant topics bolstered by your own u nique insights, other blogs may link back to you as a resource.Its also key that the sites linking to yours are of high quality. Googles Penguin Algorithm assesses your sites backlink profile for quality as well as quantity. This means youll get a better signal boost from the reliable sources where you get your content than from small, low-quality sites.ConclusionWhen it comes to blogging, having a large number of first-rate posts is key. The traditional method of brainstorming and writing content sometimes makes this goal difficult to achieve. However, content curation can help speed up the process without dragging your blogs quality down.In this post, weve examined five steps that can help guide you to successfully curate content for your blog:Select your sources.Excerpt and annotate your content.Aggregate additional content.Cite your sources.Use content curation SEO best practices. Learn how to get started with content curation on your #blog or #website âÅ" Ã¯ ¸  Click To Twee t Do you have questions about how to use content curation? Let us know in the comments section below!Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

The eNotes Blog The Truth About Youth andBooks

The Truth About Youth andBooks Young people today just dont read enough, right? If youre under the age of 30, youve probably been accused of this at some point in your life. In fact, it seems that every upcoming generation is stereotyped as lazier than the one that came before it. Weve all overheard the same complaints: always up to no good with their fancy devices, always at their computers or watching too much TV. Why, back in my day You know the drill. In the end both sides come to believe that kids in the old days were both more capable of entertaining themselves and  walked uphill both ways while they did it. But what if the public perception of youth culture is just a little bit wrong? What if young people actually turned out to be the age group that reads the most, and frequents the library the most? Could that be? A survey conducted by Pew Research Center aimed to find out the truth about youth and books. Their results show that not only do 18-24 year-olds read more than any other age group, but that many are more open to it because of the availability of e-readers and e-books. So before you curse the decline of print publishing, think of how it might serve the next generation of iPad, Kindle, and Nook readers, and read on to find out more about the Pew Centers findings.

CRITIQUE OF A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH REPORT Essay

CRITIQUE OF A QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH REPORT - Essay Example This research is therefore significant for nursing operations. Hypotheses – patients (veterans) randomly assigned to MBB would exhibit significantly greater improvements in sleep and in other co-morbid symptoms than patients assigned to SH; increased mindfulness facilitates improvements in sleep symptoms in patients assigned to MBB The hypotheses show directional causal relationship between the variables. Research questions and / or hypotheses are consistent with the literature review and the conceptual framework in the sense that they give supportive argument to the theoretical and empirical literature. Of Utah and VASLCHCS Institutional Review Boards. All patients gave written informed consent and were compensated for their time. Patients were surveyed and selected in accordance with the main objective of the study (i.e., improving management of The randomized controlled trial was appropriate for the study because the population dealt with was relatively large. The comparison of results between patients assigned to MBB and those assigned to SH facilitate easier interpretability of the findings. The study involved four data collection points: test for eligibility (completing MOS-SS), sleep inclusion disturbance, enrolment and randomization, allocation for interventions (MBB and SH). The study clearly stated the population, sample size, and the sampling method. The employment of randomized method of selection reduced the sample bias. Designing four data collection points improved the accuracy of the data collected with regard to research questions. The design was appropriate and it provided a representative sample. The study employed two interventions: SH and MBB, which were clearly defined. Data collection process was designed to achieve accuracy by presenting four data collection points, which were tailored towards specificity, thereby minimizing bias. Interpretations are consistent with the results and the study’s limitations. It clear

Gis project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gis project management - Essay Example In other words, successful leaders have passion for leadership. Similarly, project managers ought to have an internal personal drive that inspires and motivates their job performance. It is also noted that leadership is an ongoing and challenging practice. Notably, GIS project management is not short of the same observation. GIS project managers handle multiple tasks, manage team members, interact with clients, and encounter end-users from time to time. All these duties and responsibilities translate to management and leadership challenges evident in GIS projects. Finally yet importantly, Jane Harman’s advice maintains that hard work and failure are key components of the leadership puzzle. This advice relates to GIS project management in the sense that managers will ultimately strive to achieve their project goals. On the same note, not every project translates to automatic success. In this respect, failures should be viewed as learning curves for improved future outcomes. The idea is to promote leadership and management in equal measure as far as project management is

Charting a New Course for Education and Teaching about Religion Essay

Charting a New Course for Education and Teaching about Religion - Essay Example Such decline is manifested in OECD (2006) report which indicated that educated Americans dropped from 30% to 14% while its national students’ achievement percentile level similarly plummeted down. This for authorities is truly alarming. It’s in this context that educators proposed seven strategies to reform American educational system. These proposed strategies are as follows: (a) development of a student progression; (b) reinvest resources devoted for improving quality of early education, recruiting more quality teacher, enhancing their instruction capabilities and provision of more resources to disadvantaged students; ( c) allocating budget for infrastructure construction for universal pre-school education; (d) hiring of top quality graduates for teaching courses and offering attractive but reasonable salary scheme and incentives as motivation; (e) improve performance management in the educational system and conduct of regular performance appraisal among educators and administrators; (f) provision of support mechanism for disadvantaged students;and (g) upholding education standard and adoption of curriculum that is responsive to the needs of the national economy and polity.

A Comparative Book Review

A Comparative Book Review Ethics are agreed codes of behavior adopted by a group or association. Ethical behavior is being honest, responsible of your acts and how you treat others in all aspects of your life. It respects the dignity, diversity and rights of people. Ethical behavior is applying standards to ones behavior. This essay discusses how ethical behavior will pay off in the long run. Ethical conduct means that there are standards of morality that individuals should observe and is important for everyone. One obvious reason is that it sets the standards for management, employees and creates a tone for the organization as a whole. Ethical standards depict behaviors morally accepted as good and right as opposed to bad or wrong in a particular setting it is particularly crucial for the business for a number of reasons. For example, murder and robbery are not only illegal but are universally regarded as wrong, while dishonesty , while not necessarily illegal, is usually thought to be immoral. They are created and adopted by people who are interested primarily in ensuring there are guidelines for behavior for the group members. For example, doctors and lawyers have ethical codes of practice which they sear to uphold as part of their professional practice. An ethical decision is one which typically involves choosing between what you have agreed not to do and what you find yourself wanting to do. For example, is it ethical to pay a bribe to obtain a business contract? Is it ethical to allow a company to withhold information that might discourage a job candidate from joining the organization? Is it ethical to ask someone to take a job that is not good for their career progress? Is it right to do personal business on company time? It might not be considered ethical for an organization to put the health of its employees at risk, or defraud its shareholders, even if there was no chance that the organization would be found out. These examples highlight why there is a need for maintaining high standards of ethical behavior and moral standards at work place. It is the expected conduct that organizations want their employees to hold while at work and important because every individuals conduct affects the relationships within an organization th us unconstructive on the overall performance of an organization. Most business experts suggest that establishing a code of conduct can help the company to behave ethically. A codes of conduct is a formal document stating the principles and the ethical rules it expects the employees to follow in the organization. Ethical standards protect the business from scandals and prevent them in the future. Ethical statements imply the employees, business associates, and the larger community a framework of the companys operating principles (rules and regulations) which needs to be followed, why the company exists, what the company believes, and how it acts to be in compliance with its professed beliefs. Caring out active reviews of these strategic plans and objectives will ascertain that they are not not practicising unethical acts. In addition, reviewing the standard operating procedures and performance measurements will ensure the business owners and managers that it is well structured and does not encourage unethical behavior. Studies has shown Joel and Jennifer Supeck2010-11-29T10:20:00 Which studies are you referring to?that organizations are now increasingly take account of ethical considerations, there has been a shift from traditional profit and free market business approach to ethical approach, in favor of consumer interests. A business that behaves ethically focus their involvement on activities in meeting all responsibilities to employees, customers and suppliers is awarded with a high degree of loyalty, honesty, quality and productivity in the long run. Ethical investments is one way of responding to issues of social responsibility in business decisions and activities and avoiding to be self serving. Ethical investors are essentially concerned with how profit is made and looks to maximise profit at the same time trying to minimise and avoid negative social effects . On the positive side, the public will begin to recognize and to honor individual companies for their contributions to solving most obdurate problems. It also aligns the interests of shareholders, when the interests of both parties are focused on the long term health of the company. The proponents of shareholder value take this long term focus for granted, they assume that for its own future well being, a company will want to be responsive t o its employees, consumers, and the public, and that this is the best way to realize true shareholder value. Socially responsible factors in areas of public concern include the environment, sustainability, globalization effects for example exploitation, child-labour, social and environmental damage anywhere in the world, corruption, armed conflict and political issues, staff and customers relations, for instance education and training, health and safety, duty of care, etc. It also includes the locals and other impacts on people such as their health and well-being. For example, Dell started recycling of computers at no cost and Shell started to work together with environmental groups. They set a company record by giving back to the society. Behaving ethically also improves the quality of work life and enhances the role of every employer in creating an environment where employee pride blossoms and theft losses disappear. When employees are valued as individuals and treated with fairne ss, equality, respect and dignity there is reduced corruption as they take pride in their organisation. Positive results are achieved when employees are given a basis for trust and respect to live by. If employees believe all are held to similar high standards, they likely will feel better about themselves, their colleagues, their organization and behave ethically when dealing with customers and business associates. Employees are more likely fiercely loyal, hard working and productive. Ethical companies have improved customer service and relationship building, an advantage over their competitors. Research proves that consumers are used to buying products from companies that have public recognition, a company record or being promoted. Enhancing customer loyalty to the brand is probably the single most powerful incentive for convincing companies to adopt ethics as a way of life. Another advantage of behaving ethically is that it promotes better staff retention and attraction, good organisations cannot function without good people. Ethical organizations have increased commitment by employ ees as good employees want to work with responsible and ethical employers. When a company fails to be a good employer they lose good staff because and it reduces the possibility of attracting good new-comers. This increases costs of recruiting new candidates and damage efficiency and performance. Ethical standards also help in protection of company assets, employees that have respect for their organization , tend to respect and protect the assets of that organization. Many business want employees to behave ethically because such a reputation is good for business which in turn can mean larger profits. For example, the workplace dictates the dressing protocol (the uniform) for employees, which indicate the employees opinion for their organization. Employees are required to conduct themselves with dignity at the workplace. How one behaves in the workplace helps them in building a good reputation and praises over the years to come. Similarly, encouraging employees to act ethically can save money by reducing employee theft, down time and lawsuits. Because many unethical acts are also illegal, a firm that allows workers to engage in unfair practices might be prosecuted. it is noticed that employees not having respect for their organization and co-workers encourage many forms of theft such as personal long distance phone calls on company accounts, padding of labor charges and expense accounts, taking office supplies home. Conversely, employees who are st eadfastly ethical avoid practices such as breaking areas and rest rooms, untidy work areas, excessive breaks or sick days from work and improper use of machines and equipment e.g. the photocopier, computer and personal use of company vehicle. In addition, an employee with little self or organizational pride not only causes lost supplies and equipment but can bring the organization to losses in production, time, professionalism, overhead charges, initiative, reputation, attitude, enthusiasm and customer respect. It is important that employees have a clear understanding of their organizations ethical standards and a feeling of management support for acting within those standards. Teaching ethics to an employee is not always effective. Management must set examples by their personal alignment with ethical standards and principles. It is my firm belief that behaving ethically is good for both the individual and the enterprise in the long run apart from setting a border between right and wrong. Ethical behavior means being morally responsible and adhered to accepted behavior in the place we work. Maximum productivity and creativity is achieved when individuals operate regarding the ethical considerations of their position. On the other hand, practicing unethical behavior results in reduced success and diminished effectiveness. Question 2 Every community needs a leader to show the way, for motivation and for things to happen in a controlled manner. An ethical leader stands up for what is right and knows what is worth doing, they benefit the individual, the team, the organization, and society as a whole. This essay will discuss the impact on society that leaders can make. Ethical leaders are those who behave ethically and are concerned of how their decisions have an impact on others. They respect each other, are honest, trustworthy, avoid corruption and violence, have a fair play and practice all acts of decency, a basis for human civilization. Ethical leaders work with social and emotional intelligence and are a source of human well-being and happiness. Such leaders base their behavior on moral grounds, respecting the rights of people and treating everyone in the society equally. They are honest, trustworthy, fair and just and show the way by practicing what they preach. Ethical leader therefore play an important role due to their quality of being people oriented. They focus on the needs of the people and do no not fulfill their self interest at the expense of others. This characteristic creates a relationship between the followers and leaders and inspires the people to be committed and work towards accomplishing a common goal. This is why the distri bution of ethical leaders is important throughout the society for good, happy and healthy relationships between humankind and productivity measures improve in every way.   Good ethics means good business. Non-corporation with the evil is as much a duty as is co-operation with good Mahatma Gandhi. Ethical leaders influence citizens to act with compassion, sympathy and noblest spirit towards others. If these values are honored by the society, it will benefit them in many ways. However, if these values are broken it will bring negative impact that will not only affect the violator but also the innocent people. The negative impact leads to lack of cooperation, faith and rise in corruption, crime, pollution and social unrest amongst the society members. Factories have long been found to pour untreated waste into rivers, poisoning fish and causing offensive smells. The same goes for smoking factory chimneys, and everyone accepts the desirability of that sort of control. Ethical commitment is important to get rid of these behaviours to defend the right to spoil other peoples enjoyment of life. This is accomplished by having ethical leaders in the business and society as a whole to set limits and minimise the amount of negative behaviours and controls the damage to life and environment. For example, in 2000 Christine Loh the chief executive of Civic Exchange, (non-profit public policy) was the prime mover of the issues of pollution, climate change and corporate social responsibility in Hong Kong. Other examples of ethical leaders include Chris Harrop and Bill Clinton. Chris Harrop the marketing director of Marshalls, the UK stone company reduced child labour in India for the quarrying sandstone. Bill Clinton the former US president played a key role in 2007 in pushing companies and governments to come up with innovative solutions for tackling the problem climate change and other areas such as HIV/Aids. Today businesses are expected to have good ethical values and act socially responsible as an example of ethical behavior. A social responsibility also develops a good image to the company.  In enhancing social responsibility it is important for organizations to employ good and best workers with individual sets of ethics. When individuals act ethically they work with energy and pride bringing maximum productivity and creativity. On the other hand, behaving unethically individuals engage in deception, thus there is diminished effectiveness and reduced success. Research also shows that destructive effects occur when the leaders or employees of a company behave unethically. This is because sometimes employees are unethical as they feel that they can gain from it, or that they think they can they can justify what they are doing. If employees see other colleagues not being penalized for unethical behavior, then they can feel that they can escape it to. Some employees can make a poor choi ce and feel the need to make more choices to cover it up. However, once bad decisions are made, they start to get worse until the employee gets caught. Ethical behavior should be modeled at the top level management, so that employees also ensure ethical standards are maintained. Organizations can aslo facilitate good ethical behaviors by not punishing employees when they come forward with problems but should be allowed to communicate problems. Companies show social responsibility when they go beyond what is optional, and intend to create a benefit for others besides themselves. They focus on giving back to the society. Some examples of socially responsible behavior are raising money for research on diseases, raising money for needy people, sending workers to do voluntary work within the community and promoting recycling. Every society therefore needs leaders who take personal responsibility for their decisions. People want to know if they can trust their leaders and many long for the times when it was easy to see for the difference between good and bad. Ethical leaders ensure to avoid serious consequences on the well being of others by exercising the necessary discipline required as members of society. They promote right actions and act to inspire that establishes the performance of individuals and the culture as a whole.  If the people in the society practice integrity, fairness, decency and enthusiasm, they will be empowered to work with their best performance and creativity. They contribute to the success of the society and influence the choices made by individuals and businesses in carrying out day-to-day activities. Secondly, organizations prosper when leaders take responsibility and ensure that works are performed ethically. Without ethical leaders the world would not have been a peaceful pla ce to live in.

Movie †Psycho Essay

Psycho (1960) is a powerful complex psychological thriller directed by Alfred Hitchcock. This horror movie is based on the novel written by Robert Bloch. Story-wise, though, I do not consider this movie to be an extraordinary but its brilliant excursion and its ingenious construction and above all its wonderful musical scores invented and innovated by Bernard Herrmann has made this movie all time great. Bernard Herrmann was born in New York in 1911. He studied music at Julliard School of Music and joined CBS radio in 1934. He quickly joined young Orson Welles to score his radio plays, including the notorious Wars of the World and within a very short span of time he established himself as a recognized film music scorer. Although remarkably versatile, Herrmann proved particularly adept at scoring dark psychological melodramas, such as Hangover Squire (1945) and On Dangerous Ground (1951), and it was perhaps inevitable that he would be teamed eventually with master of suspense and artist of â€Å"Psycho† Alfred Hitchcock. Their subsequent partnership resulted in a composer-director relationship unmatched in film history of creativity, flair and cinematic symbiosis. We find fantasy, romance, nostalgia, tenderness; all there in Herrmann but the unique scores of â€Å"Psycho†evidently suggest Herrmann’s departure from traditional compositional techniques. The most noticeable departure from film music custom is hat. Herrmann elected a daring and controversial orchestral combination: strings alone. Now such a combination imposes severe limitations on the range of available tone colors. This means a commensurate increase of composing problems, since generally important for composers to be able to call on the many resources of the symphonic ensemble- woodwinds, brass and percussion as well as strings- for variety and contrast in the treatment of musical material. But Herrmann’s selection of string alone deprived him of many tried-and-true musical formulas and effects normally employed in the scoring of horror and suspense films. Going by the established music theories, we find that music theory describes how sounds, which travel in waves, are notated, and how what is sounded, or played, is perceived by the listeners. Every object has a resonant frequency, which is determined by the object composition. Musical sounds are composed of pitch, duration and timbre. Pitch is determined by the sound’s frequency of vibration, whereas Rhythm is the arrangement of sound in time and Meter animates time in regular pulse groupings called measures. Melody is the unfolding in musical time of a principal single line of pitches. This line can be sounded alone, unaccompanied, known as monophony. It can also be accompanied by chords, known as homophony. Melody is often the most identifiable element in western music. Instrumentation is the study and practice of writing music for musical instruments. Writing for a specific instrument requires the ability to take into account the special properties of that instrument. Where as Diegetic Music, which is also called â€Å"source music† is produced by people or devices that are part of the story space of the film. Diegetic sounds are those pieces of sound that the characters in the movie should be able to hear, whether the sound source is visible or nor.   Coming back to â€Å"Psycho†, along with the strings, Herrmann has wonderfully used Diegetic Music also here. One does not have to be musician to notice a marked absence of tunes or melodies in the sense in which these terms are generally used. It is safe to say that in Psycho Herrmann was simply following his own customary practice in this respect but the result in this case is a special, disturbing quality, one which contributes greatly to the scores overall effectiveness. In an interview given in 1971, Herrmann explained that he had used only strings for Psycho because he felt that he could complement the black-and-white photography of the film by creating a black-and white sound. In most people mind the strings are associated first and foremost with romance. Nine times out of ten when a love a scene takes place on the screen the violins will soar in a big tune, the cellos throb in a passionate counter melody. But in Psycho, the level of score created by Herrmann with strings is mainly due to the fact that Strings span the longest effective gamut of notes; have an effective range of dynamics unmatched by the other group; and within the boundaries of their basic single tone colors they can command a great number and variety of special effects. And when the expressive range of string orchestra is compared to that of black-and-white photography, Herrmann analogy becomes perfectly clear. After watching the movie first scene that comes to my mind and the images that conjured are those of Janet Leigh being hacked to death in the shower and now I realize why even people who have not seen the movie are aware of it but Bernard Herrmann’s strident, discordant music, the â€Å"bird-shriek† and â€Å"distorted screaming bird-cries† appears to be one of the most horrifying cues ever composed, Herrmann brilliantly proved here that the view of the camera is very important aspect of film making but to enforce that view and to provide fluidity ,music is even more important. In conclusion this can be safely said that No film sound track library would be complete without â€Å"Psycho†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  References    Movie : –   Psycho U.S. Release date : – June 1960 Running Length  Ã‚   : – 1:48 MPAA Classification : –   R (Violence) Cast : – Anthony Perkins, Vera Miles, John Gavin, Martin Balsam, Janet Leigh Director and Producer   :- Alfred Hitchcock Screenplay : Joseph Stefano based on the novel by Robert Bloch Cinematography : John L Russell Music : Bernard Herrmann U.S. Distributer : Paramount Pictures.

Outline for Adhd

I. What is ADHD? Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder- a common behavior disorder that affects one in 15-20 school-age children. Boys are three times more likely to be diagnosed with it than girls, but there is no clear reason yet why more boys than girls are diagnosed with it. It is broken down into three subtypes: an inattentive type, with signs that include: * inability to pay attention to details or a tendency to make careless errors in schoolwork or other activities * difficulty with sustained attention in tasks or play activities * apparent listening problems * difficulty following instructions * problems with organization avoidance or dislike of tasks that require mental effort * tendency to lose things like toys, notebooks, or homework * distractibility * forgetfulness in daily activities 2. a hyperactive-impulsive type, with signs that include: * fidgeting or squirming * difficulty remaining seated * excessive running or climbing * difficulty playing quietly * always see ming to be â€Å"on the go† * excessive talking * blurting out answers before hearing the full question * difficulty waiting for a turn or in line * problems with interrupting or intruding 3. a combined type, which involves a combination of the other two types and is the most common A. Symptoms: impulsive, hyperactive, short attention span, trouble focusing, symptoms are present over a long period of time and occur in different settings, problems finishing tasks, disorganized, trouble following directions, easily distracted, appear forgetful or careless and frequently misplace things. 1. Explain similarities/differences of ADD and ADHD: Similarities: attention span is short, trouble controlling their behavior without medication and behavioral therapy, appear bored. Differences: ADD- attention deficit without hyperactivity and impulsiveness. ADHD- includes hyperactivity and impulsiveness. . ex of characteristics in boys: hyperactive/impulsive behavior, rough behavior b. ex of characteristics in girls: inattentive, forgetful, hyper-talkative, emotional hyper-reactive c. why it is harder to spot ADD/ADHD in girls than boys: girls are harder to spot because the criteria for spotting ADHD includes external behavioral characteristics such as aggression, defiance, and other behavioral management problems, which are more common in boys than in girls. Girls with ADHD tend to be shy, socially isolate themselves, driven or anxious, or over-focused on their studies B. How is ADHD diagnosed? There is no test that can determine whether a child has ADHD or not, just a complete evaluation. A primary care physician or the family pediatrician usually prescribes medication in the lowest dose form and does medication checks every month to see if the current dose is helping or if an increase is needed. Most of the time if there is no change at the current dose being taken, the physician increases the dose each month until adverse side effects start to be seen in the child, than a decrease in dosage happens until changes for the benefit of the child are noticed by the parent and the teachers. If there is any doubt a referral to a child psychologist or psychiatrist may be needed for further evaluation. To be considered for a diagnosis of ADHD: * a child must display behaviors from one of the three subtypes before age 7 * these behaviors must be more severe than in other kids the same age * the behaviors must last for at least 6 months * the behaviors must occur in and negatively affect at least two areas of a child's life (such as school, home, day-care settings, or friendships). The physician does a complete physical exam to rule out any other medical problems. 1. Adult Observations: Parents are asked to fill out a behavioral evaluation form that contains different behaviors in different settings and the strengths and weaknesses of their child. If there is a day-care provider, teacher, or any other family member or friend who spends time with the child evaluations are sent to them. The physician looks over all the completed evaluation, and then talks it over with an approved child psychologist with the permission of the parent, and then the physician, psychologist, parent and child all come together and talk about possible treatment options. a. Teachers – even HS teachers need to be aware of it nd/or learn how to spot it in high-schoolers and even other ages of children. ADHD can go undiagnosed for years. Some kids outgrow it others struggle with it even into high-school and through adulthood. b. Medical Examination II. What causes ADHD? It has biological origins that aren’t quite understood. There isn’t a single cause but researches are looking at a combination of factors such as genetics, environmental, chemical imbalances in the brain. II. How is ADHD treated? Can’t be cured but can be successfully managed. III. Stimulants are the best-known treatments — they've been used for more than 50 years in the treatment of ADHD. Some require several doses per day, each lasting about 4 hours; some last up to 12 hours. Possible side effects include decreased appetite, stomachache, irritability, and insomnia. There's currently no evidence of long-term side effects. IV. Nonstimulants were approved for treating ADHD in 2003. These appear to have fewer side effects than stimulants and can last up to 24 hours. V. Antidepressants are sometimes a treatment option; however, in 2004 the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning that these drugs may lead to a rare increased risk of suicide in children and teens. If an antidepressant is recommended for your child, be sure to discuss these risks with your doctor. Medications can affect kids differently, and a child may respond well to one but not another. When determining the correct treatment, the doctor might try various medications in various doses, especially if your child is being treated for ADHD along with another disorder. A. Medication 1. Medication can be very beneficial a. All kids should have the option of being treated because it can significantly help their ability to focus/concentrate and reach their full potential B. Types of Medication 1. Stimulants a. benefits b. negative aspects . Non Stim/Herbal Remedies a. benefits b. negative aspects 3. Behavioral Therapy: Behavioral Therapy Research has shown that medications used to help curb impulsive behavior and attention difficulties are more effective when combined with behavioral therapy. Behavioral therapy attempts to change behavior patterns by: * reorganizing a child's home and school environment * giving clear directions and commands * setting up a system of consistent rewards for appropriate behaviors and negative consequences for inappropriate ones Here are examples of behavioral strategies that may help a child with ADHD: * Create a routine. Try to follow the same schedule every day, from wake-up time to bedtime. Post the schedule in a prominent place, so your child can see what's expected throughout the day and when it's time for homework, play, and chores. * Get organized. Put schoolbags, clothing, and toys in the same place every day so your child will be less likely to lose them. * Avoid distractions. Turn off the TV, radio, and computer games, especially when your child is doing homework. * Limit choices. Offer a choice between two things (this outfit, meal, toy, etc. , or that one) so that your child isn't overwhelmed and overstimulated. Change your interactions with your child. Instead of long-winded explanations and cajoling, use clear, brief directions to remind your child of responsibilities. * Use goals and rewards. Use a chart to list goals and track positive behaviors, then reward your child's efforts. Be sure the goals are realistic (think baby steps rather than overnight success). * Discipline effectively. Instead of yelling or spanking, use timeouts or removal of privileges as consequences for inappropriate behavior. Younger kids may simply need to be distracted or ignored until they display better behavior. * Help your child discover a talent. All kids need to experience success to feel good about themselves. Finding out what your child does well — whether it's sports, art, or music — can boost social skills and self-esteem. a. benefits b. negative aspects Alternative Treatments Currently, the only ADHD therapies that have been proven effective in scientific studies are medications and behavioral therapy. But your doctor may recommend additional treatments and interventions depending on your child's symptoms and needs. Some kids with ADHD, for example, may also need special educational interventions such as tutoring, occupational therapy, etc. Every child's needs are different. A number of other alternative therapies are promoted and tried by parents including: megavitamins, body treatments, diet manipulation, allergy treatment, chiropractic treatment, attention training, visual training, and traditional one-on-one â€Å"talking† psychotherapy. However, scientific research has not found them to be effective, and most have not been studied carefully, if at all. Parents should always be wary of any therapy that promises an ADHD â€Å"cure. † If you're interested in trying something new, speak with your doctor first. Parent Training Parenting a child with ADHD often brings special challenges. Kids with ADHD may not respond well to typical parenting practices. Also, because ADHD tends to run in families, parents may also have some problems with organization and consistency themselves and need active coaching to help learn these skills. Experts recommend parent education and support groups to help family members accept the diagnosis and to teach them how to help kids organize their environment, develop problem-solving skills, and cope with frustrations. Training can also teach parents to respond appropriately to a child's most trying behaviors with calm disciplining techniques. Individual or family counseling can also be helpful. ADHD in the Classroom As your child's most important advocate, you should become familiar with your child's medical, legal, and educational rights. Kids with ADHD are eligible for special services or accommodations at school under the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (IDEA) and an anti-discrimination law known as Section 504. Keep in touch with teachers and school officials to monitor your child's progress. In addition to using routines and a clear system of rewards, here are some other tips to share with teachers for classroom success: * Reduce seating distractions. Lessening distractions might be as simple as seating your child near the teacher instead of near the window. * Use a homework folder for parent-teacher communications. The teacher can include assignments and progress notes, and you can check to make sure all work is completed on time. * Break down assignments. Keep instructions clear and brief, breaking down larger tasks into smaller, more manageable pieces. * Give positive reinforcement. Always be on the lookout for positive behaviors. Ask the teacher to offer praise when your child stays seated, doesn't call out, or waits his or her turn instead of criticizing when he or she doesn't. Teach good study skills. Underlining, note taking, and reading out loud can help your child stay focused and retain information. * Supervise. Check that your child goes and comes from school with the correct books and materials. Sometimes kids are paired with a buddy to can help them stay on track. * Be sensitive to self-esteem issues. Ask the teacher to provide feedback to your child in private, and avoid asking your child to perform a task in public that might be too difficult. * Involve the school counselor or psychologist. He or she can help design behavioral programs to address specific problems in the classroom. Helping Your Child You're a stronger advocate for your child when you foster good partnerships with everyone involved in your child's treatment — that includes teachers, doctors, therapists, and even other family members. Take advantage of all the support and education that's available, and you'll help your child navigate toward success. Reviewed by: Richard S. Kingsley, MD Date reviewed: September 2008 Originally reviewed by: W. Douglas Tynan, PhD Back

Atheism Essays - ACE, Antivirus Software, File Archivers, Adware

Atheism Essays - ACE, Antivirus Software, File Archivers, Adware Atheism Important Notes: ================= False virus warnings: - Due to the special exe compression we are using in our products, some executable files in the WinACE package may trigger virus alerts with some antivirus programs. These tools will report different kinds of trojan or generic viruses. In this case, it is a false alarm - as long as you downloaded WinACE from our site. If you downloaded your evaluation version of our product from another website, you should check the file length with the one given on our download page at winace.com. Please inform the developer of your antivirus toolkit about this false alarm so that they can fix the detection routine in their next release. Language selection: - If you have accidentally installed WinACE with the wrong language setting, you can reselect the desired language by launching WinACE with the additional parameter PL from the command line: WINACE.EXE PL *ENTER* Technical requirements: - WinAce requires version 4.71 (or higher) of the system file COMCTL32.DLL. This file is usually installed by default with Microsofts Internet Explorer 4.x and Windows 98. You can obtain the latest version of this DLL at Microsoft's website at microsoft.com/msdownload/ieplatform/ie/comctrlx86.asp (approx. 400k). Bibliography - Microsoft Office for Windows 95 Using Office Binders to Combine Documents [Supplemental Information] - [Why use Binders?] If you have a project that involves several different types of documents, for example, a cover letter written in Word, a financial statement prepared with Microsoft Excel, and a presentation in PowerPoint, it might be easier and more efficient to store the documents together in a Binder. Binders provide a very easy way to work on a document using the full capabilities of the application without removing the document from the Binder. The advantages to using Binders include: + Each document stored in a Binder becomes a section in the Binder. You can open and save the Binder and the sections it contains as a single document, and you can print the Binder as a whole. You can apply styles and use spell checking in all the sections, set specific properties for the whole Binder such as page orientation, and route the entire Binder through electronic mail to coworkers. + You can organize Binder sections in whatever order you like, and you can apply continuous page numbering and headers and footers that run throughout. + A number of ready-to-use Binder templates are supplied with Microsoft Office. Use Binder templates to quickly create a consistent look for all the sections of a Binder. To locate the Binder templates, click New Binder (File menu) and then click the Binders tab. + If you create a Binder format that you want to use as the basis for more than one project, you can save it as a template. + You can easily reorganize sections in a Binder, and you can quickly add and remove Binder sections. [When to work with sections outside a Binder] Because Binders are designed to help you organize and manage related documents, some application features are unavailable while working within the Binder. For example, the Binder has a Status Bar to display information about the sections of the Binder, so the individual application Status Bars are turned off to avoid confusion. For example, since the Microsoft Excel AutoCalculate feature is on the Microsoft Excel Status Bar, it is unavailable inside the Binder. The following features must be used outside the Binder. To work outside the Binder, click View Outside (Section menu). To return the document to the Binder, drag it into the left pane of the Binder window. If the Binder window is not divided into left and right panes, click the button to the left of the File menu. + If you want to view a Binder section in Print Preview, open the section outside the Binder. + The PowerPoint status bar does not display when a PowerPoint document is a section in a Binder. If you want to display the PowerPoint status bar, open the PowerPoint section outside the Binder. + If you want to use the Microsoft Excel AlwaysCalc feature, shared lists, or templates, work with the section outside the Binder. + When working in a Microsoft Excel section, the changes you make to the screen view (View tab, Options command, Tools menu) will not be saved when you save the Binder. + You can run macros in Binder however, you must edit macros outside the Binder. To do this, click the section that contains the macro, click View

Obedience To God Through Daniel Essays - Bible, Book Of Daniel

Obedience To God Through Daniel Essays - Bible, Book Of Daniel Obedience To God Through Daniel There are a lot of different things the Bible can tell us about obedience and disobedience. Many of which have the same outcome. Others have a very different outcome. In the book of Daniel, there are plenty of ways that the Bible can show you that there are some bad things that come out of obedience and some good things that come out of disobedience. Obedience is part of life. obeying God is a big part. But obeying God doesn't always work out the way we want it, or it can work out better then we want. This is shown many times in Daniel. Two of these different ways obedience can have an effect are shown in Daniel. One in verse 1:8-10. This is where Daniel is denied his obedience to the law even though he wants to be obedient. He is given royal food and wine to eat but asks for something different because it goes against God's law. Even though God makes the official sympathetic, he is still denied something different to eat. He received nothing for being obedient. The next part of this shows that the outcomes can be very different. In verses 12-17, Daniel asks to be tested for ten days and to be given nothing but fruits and vegetables, then to have him and his friends compared to the people given the royal foods to eat. After ten days, Daniel and his friends were in better health then the other people. Because of the way Daniel han dled the situation, God gave Daniel superior knowledge and the ability to understand dreams. Daniel had been put down by obedience and then glorified by obedience shortly after. This same type of situation happens again in the next chapter when the king has a dream that he can't have interpreted. In chapter 2 verses 10-13, the king has all the wise men in his kingdom hunted down and killed, because none of them can explain his dream. This included Daniel and his friends. Once again, by the obedience to God and the king, he is being punished. After finding out what was going on, Daniel had a vision from God. He then was taken to the king and explained to him what his dream was about. The king had thanked him for being so good and obedient by making him ruler over Babylon (vs. 24-48). He was once again glorified for being obedient. Obedience can go to a higher level still as shown through Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. The king had them thrown into a fire for not obeying him by worshiping his statue (vs.20), but because they were obedient to God, they were saved from the blazing fire and came out completely unharmed (vs.25). God saves us by our obedience, but he will also punish you for your disobedience. In chapter 4, the king is admiring his kingdom for all its glory, and claims that it was all his doing. As he is saying this, a voice from heaven told him that because he doesn't worship God, he was getting everything taken away from him until he was going to acknowledge that God was almighty (vs.28-32). The king then went and lived like a wild animal. He lived like this for quite some time before he finally admitted that God reigned supreme over everything (vs. 33-34). He was then, after being obedient to God, fully restored to his sanity and royal rank.. One other point shown is when Daniel was thrown in the lion's den. The administrators and satraps that ruled the kingdom with Daniel got so jealous that he was the most distinguished one of them all, that they tried to have him arrested so he could be killed. They couldn't find any grounds to have him arrested on, so instead they convinced the king to have an edict saying if anybody does not worship him for the next 30 days, they would be thrown in the lion's den. Daniel was not going to be disobedient to God so instead, he disobeyed this edict (6:1-11). The king tried to save him since they were friends, but could do nothing. He was unable to repeal his own

Television in UK Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Television in UK - Research Paper Example People over 65 spend five hours a day watching TV perhaps because certain channels are free for them. Most of the adults between 24 and 65 that spend time on the television, are not actually watching the programs or the ads but are doing some other work simultaneously like talking on the phone or surfing the internet. The three main activities that take up the day include sleeping working and watching TV and men are more likely to watch TV than women. Adults over the age of 16 spend under three hours watching the television and the 24-65 year olds fall under the same category of viewers. The following chart shows that watching television is the most common activity by most people in the UK: According to this, 66% of the adults between 25-64 years of age watch TV regularly, while a higher percentage watches the heritage TV among the 45-64 age groups than those between 25-44 age groups. With the reduction in television viewing, naturally the advertising on television also suffers. With switchover to digital TV all the households will have access to multi-channel and this will affect the viewing behavior. it is expected that over the next decade multi-channel TV viewer ship will increased while the BBC and the traditional channels will decline. It is expected that the position will be thus: UK television advertising is regulated when it comes to minutes per hour and hence the cost of advertising increases. The TV advertising market has two differentiated products - advertising on the traditional commercial channels (Channels 3, 4 and 5) and the multi-channels which includes all other commercial channels. Due to economic conditions and declining audiences, the advertising revenues have declined. There has been a shift from traditional channel viewing to commercial multi-channel viewing which has also impacted the value of TV advertising revenues. The TV has also reduced in its attractiveness as an advertising medium. Because of declining audiences the price of traditional channel advertising has received a boost which means it costs more to deliver to the same audience (PWC, 2006). The advertising budget remains the same but the impacts are fewer. At the same the trend towards watching multi channels is increasing and hence the costs become spread out. The cost of 30 seconds of television advertising now costs just '4.81 per thousand adults and this works out to 29pc cheaper than in 2000 (Mason, 2008). Digital spin-off channels are expected to increase their advertising revenue by ten percent but this will not be able to compensate for the terrestrial channel advertising like the ITYV1, channel 4 and channel 5. The most popular and traditional TV channels are ITV1, Channel 4 and Five and the cost of advertising is the highest for ITV1. Some of the most popular TV channels with the cost of advertising are: * itv1 + GMTV 48.5p * BBC ONE 35p * Channel 4 18.7p * Sat and cable 16.8p * BBC TWO 12p * five 7.7p * BBC THREE 2.5p * BBC FOUR 1.3p * S4C 0.3p Source: Glen, n.d. The television advertising revenue is expected to fall for all channels and by 6 and 7% for channels

The Prohibition of Horizontal Direct Effect of Directives Essay

The Prohibition of Horizontal Direct Effect of Directives - Essay Example In order to fully implement its policies, pieces of legislation are enacted by the European Parliament, European Commission and the Council of the European Union. On the other hand, the European Court of Justice plays an important role in the interpretation of European Union laws which consist of treaties, regulations and directives among others. Its interpretation aids the member states in the proper implementation of the European Union laws. In its case law, the European Court of Justice has introduced the principle of direct effect of European Union laws in the member states. The principle of direct effect was designed to ensure the effectiveness of the European laws, enabling the citizens to use it before their respective national courts. Correspondingly, the doctrine of direct effect have a substantial effect on the legal systems of the member states, because it paved the way for individuals to enforce rights which originates from community legislation before their national courts. And as such, the principle has become a distinctive aspect of the European Union. The landmark case of Van Gend and Loos v. ... ven though the treaty did not state that it was directly effective, it was in consonance with the nature of the treaty that the provision on the abolition of custom duties should be directly effective. Significantly, the court enumerated the guidelines for establishing direct effect to wit: The provision must be sufficiently clear and precisely stated, it must be unconditional or non-dependent and provision must confer a specific right for the citizen to base his or her claim (Van Gend and Loos v. Netherlands Inland Revenue Administration, 1963). Conformity with the aforementioned guidelines will enable European citizens to enforce their rights and to rely directly on the provisions of Community law before their national courts. Similarly, the court states that the direct effect confers the company a direct assurance of its rights under Community law before its national courts. The principle of direct effect goes after the principle of primacy of community laws developed by the Europ ean Court of Justice in the case of Costa v. ENEL. In the case of Costa v. ENEL, (1964) the court likewise pointed out in paragraph seven of the case, that a member state's obligation under the European Economic Community Treaty, in the execution, effect or adoption of any measures either by States or by Commission is legally complete and consequently producing direct effects on the relations between member states and individuals. Correspondingly, it becomes an integral part of the legal system of the member state, and as such, national courts are duty bound to protect it. The principle of direct effect, basically deals with the enforceability of European Union laws by citizens of member states. The Doctrine of Direct effect can be classified into two. The vertical direct effect and the

War in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

War in Iraq - Essay Example Rather, it was pursued in economic reasons. Scott (2003) cites the internally stated goal of securing the flow of oil in the Middle East. Scott refers to a report from the James A. Baker Institute of Public Policy at Rice University (April, 1997) which stated the problem of "energy security" for the US and noted that US was increasingly exposed to oil shortages in the face of the inability of oil supplies to carry on with world demand. Particularly, particular the report addressed "The Threat of Iraq and Iran" to the free flow of oil out of the Middle East. It concluded that Saddam Hussein was still a threat to Middle Eastern security and still had the military capability to exercise force beyond Iraq's borders. Scott continues that as soon as the Bush administration took office in 2001, it followed the lead of a second report from the same institute, which was co-sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, the report representing a consensus of thinking among energy experts of both political parties, and was s igned by Democrats as well as Republicans. Entitled Strategic Energy Policy Challenges for the 21st Century, the report concluded: The United States remains a prisoner of its energy dilemma. ... Therefore the US should conduct an immediate policy review toward Iraq including military, energy, economic and political/ diplomatic assessments. Following this note is the looming phenomenon known as Global "Peak Oil", which is projected to occur around 2010, with Iraq and Saudi Arabia being the final two nations to reach peak oil production. US geophysicist M. King Hubbert, who in 1956 correctly predicted U.S. oil production would peak in 1971, first illustrated this crucial concept of Peak Oil in bell-shaped curves wherein each oil field in the world follows a more or less bell-shaped curve, and the composite view of the world's thousands of oil fields is one gigantic, ragged edged looking bell-shaped curve. According to Clark (2003), once Peak Oil is reached, the supply of oil/energy will begin an irreversible decline, along with a corresponding permanent increase in price despite the presence of increasing demand from industrialized and developing nations alike. Another reason pointed out on the cause of the war was to preserve the dominance of the dollar over the world oil economy. Clark (Revisited: The Real Reasons for the Upcoming War with Iraq, 2003) on the other hand believes that the US media and government failed to report that the war itself is in large part an oil currency war. In Clark's words, "a war intended to prevent oil from being priced in euros". He cites that a core reason for the ongoing war is this US administration's goal of preventing further Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) momentum towards the euro as an oil transaction currency standard. However, in order to forestall OPEC, they need to gain geo-strategic control of Iraq along with its 2nd